Membangun Rasa Aman di Era Digital: Tinjauan Sistematis tentang Peran Psychological Safety terhadap Work Engagement
Kata Kunci:
Psychological safety; Work engagement; kepemimpinan inklusif; budaya organisasi; lingkungan kerja digitalAbstrak
Transformasi digital telah mengubah cara organisasi bekerja dan berinteraksi, sekaligus menimbulkan tantangan baru terhadap keterlibatan kerja (work engagement). Dalam kondisi tersebut, psychological safety atau rasa aman psikologis menjadi elemen penting yang menentukan sejauh mana individu merasa bebas untuk berpendapat, bereksperimen, dan berinovasi tanpa rasa takut disalahkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis hubungan antara psychological safety dan work engagement dalam konteks kerja digital dan lintas generasi, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor kontekstual yang memperkuat hubungan tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan systematic literature review dengan menelusuri lima basis data ilmiah utama, yaitu Scopus, ScienceDirect, Emerald Insight, SpringerLink, dan Google Scholar. Artikel yang dikaji dipublikasikan antara tahun 2015 hingga 2025 dan dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi yang menekankan relevansi empiris dan konseptual antara kedua variabel. Dari hasil seleksi, diperoleh lima belas artikel peer-reviewed yang dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan tematik untuk menemukan pola hubungan dan determinan utama. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa psychological safety berpengaruh positif terhadap work engagement di berbagai konteks organisasi. Hubungan ini diperkuat oleh kepemimpinan etis dan inklusif, budaya organisasi yang mendukung pembelajaran, serta dukungan sosial rekan kerja. Dalam kerangka Job Demands–Resources Model, rasa aman psikologis berperan sebagai job resource yang menjaga keseimbangan energi dan motivasi karyawan. Sementara itu, melalui Social Exchange Theory, hubungan ini mencerminkan pertukaran kepercayaan dan komitmen antara organisasi dan individu. Temuan kajian ini menegaskan bahwa membangun lingkungan kerja yang aman secara psikologis merupakan strategi penting untuk memperkuat keterlibatan, kreativitas, dan keberlanjutan organisasi di era kerja digital dan multigenerasi.
Unduhan
Referensi
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