Inovasi Plaster Hydrogel Kolagen Sisik Ikan Nila dengan Centella Asiatica dan Hyaluronic Acid Sebagai Penutup Luka Dual-Aksi untuk Kesehatan
Kata Kunci:
Plaster Hydrogel, Kesehatan Masyarakat, Penutup Luka, Biokompatibilitas, Pemanfaatan LimbahAbstrak
Luka bakar merupakan kondisi medis serius yang membutuhkan penanganan cepat, termasuk pengendalian infeksi, pengurangan nyeri, dan percepatan regenerasi jaringan. Penutup luka konvensional umumnya hanya memberikan perlindungan mekanis tanpa efek terapeutik sehingga kurang optimal dalam mendukung proses penyembuhan yang memerlukan lingkungan lembap. Penelitian ini merancang plaster hydrogel berbasis kolagen dari limbah sisik ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) yang memiliki kandungan kolagen tipe I tinggi serta biokompatibilitas baik, kemudian dikombinasikan dengan ekstrak Centella asiatica dan hyaluronic acid (HA) sebagai agen aktif penyembuhan. Kolagen dan HA berperan dalam menjaga kelembapan, meningkatkan elastisitas matriks, dan mempercepat epitelisasi, sedangkan Centella asiatica mengandung senyawa triterpenoid seperti asiaticoside dan madecassoside yang dapat menstimulasi sintesis kolagen baru, angiogenesis, dan menurunkan inflamasi. Desain konseptual mencakup formulasi matriks kolagen–HA dengan proses cross-linking, inkorporasi homogen bahan aktif, serta pengembangan struktur pori >75% untuk mendukung difusi oksigen dan absorpsi eksudat. Selain itu, mekanisme pelepasan obat dirancang dalam dua tahap, yaitu pelepasan awal cepat dan pelepasan terkontrol jangka panjang. Evaluasi teoritis meliputi karakterisasi fisikokimia (swelling ratio, tensile strength, FTIR, SEM), efisiensi pemuatan bahan aktif, serta studi pelepasan obat in vitro. Uji biologis yang diusulkan mencakup sitotoksisitas, migrasi sel, iritasi kulit, serta uji penyembuhan luka in vivo dan analisis histopatologi. Secara keseluruhan, formulasi ini menunjukkan potensi kuat sebagai penutup luka alami, biokompatibel, dan ramah lingkungan, serta berpeluang menjadi inovasi biomaterial lokal untuk penyembuhan luka bakar dan luka terbuka secara lebih efektif.
Unduhan
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