The Use of Spatial Manipulatives to Improve Fifth Grade Students' Motivation to Learn Mathematics at Tutuhu Public Elementary School, Morotai Island Regency

Abstract

This study aimed to enhance students’ learning motivation in mathematics through the use of three-dimensional teaching aids. This research was conducted as Classroom Action Research (CAR) at SD Negeri Tutuhu, Pulau Morotai, involving 14 fifth-grade students. The research was carried out in two cycles, each consisting of two meetings, following the steps of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. Data were collected using observation sheets, tests, and documentation, and analyzed using qualitative and quantitative techniques. Findings showed that students' motivation and learning outcomes improved significantly after implementing teaching aids. In Cycle I, 50% of students achieved the minimum mastery criterion (≥66), while in Cycle II this increased to 80%. The use of visual and tangible learning media made lessons more engaging, fostered active participation, and improved conceptual understanding of geometric solids. These results suggest that incorporating concrete teaching aids in mathematics can effectively raise both motivation and achievement at the elementary level.